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WTO NEWS: 2000 PRESS RELEASES

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BACKGROUND DATA

Employment by economic activity

6. Employment by economic activity

	AGRICULTURE				INDUSTRY				SERVICES
	Male % of male labour force		Female % of female labour force		Male % of male labour force		Female % of female labour force		Male % of male labour force		Female % of female labour force
	1980	1990–97	1980	1990–97	1980	1990–97	1980	1990–97	1980	1990–97	1980	1990–97
Albania	54	51	62	60	28	26	17	19	18	24	21	21
Algeria	27	18	69	57	33	38	6	7	40	45	25	36
Angola	67	65	87	86	13	14	1	2	20	21	11	13
Argentina	17	16	3	3	40	39	18	17	44	46	79	81
Armenia	21	24	21	11	48	47	38	39	31	29	41	51
Australia	7	6	4	3	34	32	15	11	44	58	67	80
Austria	9	6	13	8	51	42	25	17	41	48	62	72
Azerbaijan	28	27	42	36	36	35	20	21	36	38	38	43
Bangladesh	67	53	81	76	5	11	14	8	29	33	5	11
Belarus	29	26	23	13	44	45	33	36	28	30	44	51
Belgium	4	3	2	2	41	34	16	11	50	54	68	72
Benin	66	62	69	65	10	12	4	4	24	27	27	30
Bolivia	53	48	53	45	21	22	11	10	26	30	36	45
Bosnia and Herzegovina	26	9	38	16	45	54	24	37	30	37	39	48
Botswana	53	39	74	55	18	30	2	9	28	31	24	36
Brazil	41	28	26	14	28	28	14	13	31	43	60	74
Bulgaria	..	..	22	13	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Burkina Faso	92	91	93	94	3	2	2	2	5	7	5	5
Burundi	88	86	98	98	4	4	1	1	9	10	1	1
Cambodia	70	69	80	78	7	8	7	8	23	24	14	14
Cameroon	65	62	87	83	11	12	2	3	24	26	11	14
Canada	6	5	3	2	34	29	14	11	52	57	74	78
Central African Republic	79	74	90	87	5	6	1	0	16	20	9	13
Chad	82	77	95	91	6	7	0	1	12	16	4	8
Chile	20	18	2	4	25	32	13	13	52	45	79	76
China	71	69	79	76	16	17	12	13	14	14	10	11
Hong Kong, China	1	1	1	1	47	39	56	33	52	60	43	66
Colombia	..	1	..	0	..	29	..	18	..	60	..	66
Congo, Dem. Rep.	62	58	84	81	18	20	4	5	20	23	12	14
Congo, Rep.	42	33	81	69	20	23	2	4	38	44	17	27
Costa Rica	43	27	5	5	23	24	20	17	34	43	75	69
Côte d’Ivoire	60	54	75	72	10	12	5	6	30	34	20	22
Croatia	23	17	28	15	38	38	28	28	39	45	45	57
Cuba	30	24	10	8	32	36	22	21	39	41	68	71
Czech Republic	14	13	12	9	67	54	44	36	19	33	45	55
Denmark	10	7	3	3	41	37	17	16	44	55	76	81
Dominican Republic	40	31	11	9	26	32	16	23	34	38	73	68
Ecuador	44	39	22	16	22	20	16	16	34	41	63	68
Egypt, Arab Rep.	43	29	8	32	20	22	10	7	32	39	56	37
El Salvador	56	50	9	7	20	22	18	19	24	29	73	74
Eritrea	79	77	88	85	7	8	2	2	14	16	11	13
Estonia	19	18	12	11	50	48	36	34	31	34	52	55
Ethiopia	90	86	89	86	2	2	2	2	8	11	10	12
Finland	12	10	9	5	42	38	21	14	38	49	64	66
France	9	6	7	5	43	38	22	17	48	56	71	79
Gabon	59	46	74	59	18	21	5	10	24	33	21	32
Gambia, The	78	74	93	92	10	12	2	3	13	15	5	6
Georgia	31	27	34	24	32	38	21	23	37	34	45	52
Germany	6	4	8	4	54	48	33	24	40	48	59	72
Ghana	66	64	57	55	12	12	14	14	22	25	29	31
Greece	25	19	39	23	34	32	18	17	40	47	39	51
Guatemala	65	64	17	16	17	16	27	23	19	21	56	61
Guinea	86	83	96	92	2	3	1	1	12	15	3	7
Guinea-Bissau	81	78	98	96	3	3	0	0	17	19	2	3
Haiti	79	76	61	57	8	9	8	8	13	15	31	35
Honduras	63	51	40	..	17	19	..	26	20	27	51	64
Hungary	21	19	15	11	48	42	38	32	32	39	47	57
India	63	59	83	74	15	17	9	15	22	24	8	11
Indonesia	59	39	56	40	12	20	12	15	29	37	32	39
Iran, Islamic Rep.	36	30	82	73	28	26	6	9	35	44	12	18
Iraq	22	12	62	39	24	19	11	9	55	69	27	52
Ireland	23	16	6	3	33	28	21	16	35	39	66	69
Israel	7	4	4	2	39	37	15	15	51	55	77	77
Italy	11	7	14	7	40	35	24	18	40	49	48	59
Jamaica	43	34	18	15	23	32	9	13	35	34	73	72
Japan	9	5	13	6	39	38	28	23	50	54	57	67
Jordan	11	10	58	41	27	28	3	4	62	63	39	55
Kazakhstan	28	28	20	15	38	37	25	25	34	35	55	60
Kenya	77	75	88	85	10	11	2	3	13	15	10	12
Korea, Dem. Rep.	39	35	52	42	37	38	20	23	24	27	28	35
Korea, Rep.	29	12	38	16	30	38	23	24	35	47	36	59
Kuwait	2	2	0	0	36	32	3	2	62	67	97	98
Kyrgyz Republic	35	36	33	28	34	30	23	23	32	34	44	50
Lao PDR	77	76	82	81	7	7	4	5	16	17	13	14
Latvia	18	19	14	12	49	47	36	33	32	34	50	55
Lebanon	13	6	20	10	29	34	21	22	58	60	59	68
Lesotho	26	29	64	59	52	41	5	5	22	30	31	36
Libya	16	7	63	28	29	27	3	5	55	66	34	68
Lithuania	26	23	29	13	47	47	30	34	27	30	41	53
Macedonia, FYR	30	21	47	23	38	40	23	41	32	39	30	36
Madagascar	73	70	93	88	9	10	2	3	19	20	5	9
Malawi	78	78	96	96	10	9	1	1	12	13	3	3
Malaysia	36	28	49	26	19	23	18	23	44	48	33	52
Mali	86	83	92	89	2	2	1	2	12	15	7	9
Mauritania	65	49	79	63	11	16	2	4	25	35	19	34
Mauritius	27	18	27	14	28	40	27	50	45	42	46	36
Mexico	43	35	19	12	30	25	28	20	28	40	53	69
Moldova	46	38	41	28	30	34	23	26	25	28	36	47
Mongolia	43	34	36	30	21	23	21	22	36	44	43	48
Morocco	48	35	72	63	23	28	14	19	29	37	14	18
Mozambique	72	70	97	96	14	15	1	1	14	15	2	3
Myanmar	72	70	80	78	9	11	7	9	19	19	12	14
Namibia	52	46	64	54	22	21	5	8	27	33	31	39
Nepal	91	91	98	98	1	0	0	0	8	9	2	2
Netherlands	6	5	2	2	36	30	12	9	50	58	74	78
New Zealand	13	10	7	5	39	30	21	12	48	52	72	76
Nicaragua	49	38	16	9	26	28	21	23	26	34	64	69
Niger	86	84	98	97	5	6	1	1	9	10	1	1
Nigeria	52	43	57	44	10	9	5	3	38	49	38	53
Norway	10	7	6	3	40	33	14	10	50	57	80	85
Oman	52	48	25	20	21	22	33	35	27	30	42	45
Pakistan	56	44	73	65	15	18	12	10	29	34	15	15
Panama	35	30	5	3	21	21	11	10	38	46	77	80
Papua New Guinea	76	73	92	89	8	9	2	3	16	18	6	8
Paraguay	58	51	9	8	20	23	22	20	23	26	70	72
Peru	45	41	25	22	20	20	14	12	35	26	61	72
Philippines	61	44	37	26	15	18	16	12	25	31	47	54
Poland	28	27	32	28	46	45	28	25	26	28	40	48
Portugal	21	10	31	12	41	40	24	24	32	49	37	59
Puerto Rico	8	6	1	0	30	29	26	22	24	27	74	75
Romania	26	21	45	28	50	53	30	40	24	26	25	32
Russian Federation	19	17	13	10	50	48	37	35	31	34	50	56
Rwanda	88	86	98	98	5	6	1	1	7	8	1	2
Saudi Arabia	45	20	25	12	17	21	5	6	39	59	70	82
Senegal	74	70	90	86	9	10	2	4	17	20	8	11
Sierra Leone	63	60	82	81	20	22	4	4	17	18	14	16
Singapore	2	0	1	0	32	35	39	30	63	62	57	68
Slovak Republic	15	14	13	9	38	36	34	31	48	50	54	60
Slovenia	14	5	17	6	49	52	37	39	38	43	46	54
South Africa	18	16	16	10	45	42	16	15	37	42	68	76
Spain	19	11	16	7	42	39	21	14	36	46	56	65
Sri Lanka	41	36	44	32	16	18	12	17	26	37	21	21
Sudan	66	64	88	84	9	10	4	5	24	26	8	11
Sweden	8	5	3	2	45	34	16	11	46	52	79	81
Switzerland	..	6	..	4	..	42	..	19	..	49	..	74
Syrian Arab Republic	27	22	78	69	35	30	7	6	39	49	15	25
Tajikistan	36	37	54	46	29	28	16	17	35	35	30	37
Tanzania	80	78	92	91	7	8	2	2	13	14	7	7
Thailand	..	55	..	61	..	20	..	19	..	26	..	29
Togo	70	66	67	65	12	12	7	7	19	22	26	29
Trinidad and Tobago	..	11	..	4	..	29	..	10	..	47	..	65
Tunisia	33	23	53	42	30	33	32	32	37	44	16	27
Turkey	45	29	88	59	22	27	5	12	33	38	8	19
Turkmenistan	33	34	46	41	32	30	16	14	36	36	38	44
Uganda	84	81	91	88	6	7	2	2	10	12	8	10
Ukraine	26	24	24	16	46	46	33	34	28	31	44	50
United Arab Emirates	5	9	0	0	40	30	7	3	55	61	93	98
United Kingdom	3	3	1	1	44	32	21	13	44	51	72	80
United States	5	4	2	1	35	32	15	13	50	60	74	81
Uruguay	22	21	4	4	31	31	23	21	47	48	74	70
Uzbekistan	35	35	46	36	34	30	19	19	32	35	36	45
Venezuela	19	19	3	2	32	25	19	13	48	48	76	75
Vietnam	71	70	75	73	16	17	10	11	13	13	15	16
West Bank and Gaza	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Yemen, Rep. 60	50	98	88	19	22	1	6	21	29	1	7
Yugoslavia, FR (Serb./Mont.)	34	28	47	32	35	38	19	26	31	34	33	41
Zambia	69	68	85	83	13	13	3	3	19	19	13	14
Zimbabwe	63	58	85	81	19	13	4	2	18	29	12	17
World	50	46	56	52	22	22	15	15	25	29	24	29
Low income	65	61	81	75	13	15	8	10	22	25	11	14
Middle income	55	50	59	56	23	23	17	17	22	26	24	27
Lower middle income	59	56	63	61	21	21	16	16	20	22	20	22
Upper middle income	34	27	31	22	32	31	20	17	33	42	49	61
Low & middle income	59	54	67	62	19	20	14	15	22	25	19	23
East Asia & Pacific	69	66	75	72	15	16	12	13	16	17	13	14
Europe & Central Asia	26	24	27	22	44	42	31	30	30	34	42	48
Latin America & Carib.	39	29	21	12	28	28	18	16	32	42	61	70
Middle East & N. Africa	37	27	53	55	25	26	10	11	36	46	29	29
South Asia	63	59	82	75	14	17	10	14	23	25	8	10
Sub-Saharan Africa	66	62	79	75	12	12	4	4	22	26	17	21
High income	8	5	8	4	..	34	22	17	..	53	..	73
Europe EMU	10	8	11	6	46	40	26	19	41	50	59	69

Source: World Bank, 1999 World Development Indicators (http://www.worldbank.org/data/wdi/pdfs/tab2_4.pdf)

1990–1997 data are for most recent years

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